home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- 1619-1683. French politician, chief minister
- to Louis XIV, and controller-general (finance
- minister) from 1665. He reformed the
- Treasury, promoted French industry and
- commerce by protectionist measures, and tried
- to make France a naval power equal to England
- or the Netherlands, while favouring a
- peaceful foreign policy. Colbert, born in
- Reims, entered the service of Cardinal
- Mazarin and succeeded him as chief minister
- to Louis XIV. In 1661 he set to work to
- reform the Treasury. The national debt was
- largely repaid, and the system of tax
- collection was drastically reformed. Industry
- was brought under state control, shipbuilding
- was encouraged by bounties, companies were
- established to trade with India and America,
- and colonies were founded in Louisiana,
- Guiana, and Madagascar. In his later years
- Colbert was supplanted in Louis's favour by
- the war minister Louvois (1641-91), who
- supported a policy of conquests.
-